Bioprospecting for biological control agents for invasive tilapia in Australia

Originating in Africa, tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae) now have a worldwide distribution and are both prime model system for evolutionary biology an important aquaculture species over 135 countries. In contrast, Mozambique (Oreochromis mossambicus) is also listed the top 100 of world’s worst invasive alien has been documented to severe impacts on freshwater ecosystems primarily through displacement native habitat alteration. Australia, O. mossambicus lesser-known spotted (Tilapia mariae) established significant populations within Queensland waters, recent incursions into northern New South Wales great concern. Eradication attempts using combination electrofishing piscicide (poison) rarely successful open waterways, given their nature, there lack demonstrated broad-scale effective control mechanisms tilapia. Biological (biocontrol), where it feasible can be cost-effective, safe (species specific) practical solution managing because does not require reapplication chemicals or poisons, once should self-sustaining. Based development previous viral biocontrol strategies rabbits carp, we used robust assessment framework bioprospecting agents found that lake virus (TiLV), possibly parvovirus (TiPV), may offer potential Australia. TiLV causes high mortality wild cultured tilapia, but other species, spreads waterborne route - transmission pathway fish. However, safety efficacy, two major concerns virus, need taken consideration before use any exotic considered. Herein, describe systematic approach assess known pathogens suitability as biological outline possible next steps further investigate candidates.